1. Festo Corp. v. Shoketsu Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Co., 2003 U.S. App. LEXIS 19867 (Fed. Cir. Sept. 26, 2003).
2. Festo Corp. v. Shoketsu Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Co., 535 U.S. 722 (2002).
3. Warner-Jenkinson Co. v. Hilton Davis Chem. Co., 520 U.S. 17, 33 (1997).
4. Specifically, the District court granted partial summary judgment that SMC’s accused device infringed certain claims of these patents under the doctrine of equivalents, and a jury also found that SMC’s accused device infringed other claims under the doctrine of equivalents. Festo Corp. v. Shoketsu Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Co., No. 88-1814-PBS (D. Mass. Oct. 27, 1994).
5. Festo Corp. v. Shoketsu Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Co., 72 F.3d 857 (Fed. Cir. 1995), vacated and remanded, 520 U.S. 1111 (1997).
6. Festo Corp. v. Shoketsu Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Co., 234 F.3d 558, 563 (Fed. Cir. 2000) (en banc).
7. Id. at 566-78.
8. Id. at 588-91.
9. See our prior discussion of this decision in The IP Report, Summer 2002, pp. 1-4.
10. Festo Corp., 535 U.S. at 740.
11. Id. at 741.
12. Festo Corp., 2003 U.S. App. LEXIS 19867.
13. Id., Judge Rader’s concurring opinion at 2.
14. 2003 WL 21811891 (D.N.J. Aug. 7, 2003).
15. “Streaming” means the downloading of a file such as a video file for viewing a video. Usually, the video file is limited to short term memory storage on the computer used for viewing the video.
16. 192 F. Supp. 2d 321 (D.N.J. 2002), aff’d, 342 F.3d 191 (3d Cir. 2003).
17. 17 U.S.C. § 106(2).
18. 949 F. Supp. 753, 756 (N.D. Cal. 1996).
19. 17 U.S.C. § 106(4) and (5).
20. 17 U.S.C. § 107.
21. Citing Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc., 510 U.S. 569, 585 (1994).
22. Citing Id. at 579.
23. 471 U.S. 539, 565 (1985).
24. For the preliminary injunction, the Court found this fair use factor neutral due to this possibility.
25. No Electronic Theft Act (NET, Pub. L. No. 105-147).
26. “Willful,” for purposes of criminal copyright laws, means the voluntary, intentional violation of a known right. See, e.g., United States v. Manzer, 69 F.3d 222, 227 (8th Cir. 1995); United States v. Cross, 816 F.2d 297, 300 (7th Cir. 1987).
27. 17 U.S.C. § 506(a)(2) and 18 U.S.C. § 2319(b)(3), (c)(3).
28. 18 U.S.C. § 2319(b)(1).
29. 18 U.S.C. § 2319(b), (c).
30. United States v. Jou, (N.D. Cal.) (sentenced July 8, 2003). See www.usdoj.gov/criminal/cybercrime/eeapub.htm.
31. Economic Espionage Act (EEA, Pub. L. No. 104-294), codified at 18 U.S.C. §§ 1831-9.
32. United States v. Okamoto (N.D. Ohio), (filed May 1, 2002); United States v. Ye (N.D. Cal), (filed Dec. 4, 2002). See www.usdoj.gov/criminal/cybercrime/eeapub.htm.
33. Trademark Counterfeiting Act (TCA, Pub. L. No. 98-473).
34. See 18 U.S.C. § 2320, 15 U.S.C. § 1116(d)(1)(a).
35. See 18 U.S.C. § 2320(a).
36. See 18 U.S.C. § 2320(e)(1).
37. See 18 U.S.C. § 2320(d)(1)(A)(iii); and compare 15 U.S.C. § 1114(1)(b) (Lanham Act).


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